Full and reduced grammatical words

Grammatical categories

Strong/stressed forms

Weak/unstressed forms

Auxiliaries

am

ˈæm

əm / m

are

ˈɑː

ə

be

ˈbiː

bi

been

ˈbiːn

bɪn

do

ˈduː

du /

does

ˈdʌz

dəz

had

ˈhæd

həd / əd

has

ˈhæz

həz / əz

have

ˈhæv

həv / əv

is

ˈɪz

ɪz / z

was

ˈwɒz

wəz

were

ˈwɜː

shall

ˈʃæl

ʃəl / ʃl

should

ˈʃd

ʃəd / ʃd

will

ˈwɪl

wɪl / l

would

ˈwʊd

wəd / wʊd

can

ˈkæn

kən / kn

could

ˈkʊd

kəd / kʊd

must

ˈmʌst

məst / məs

Pronouns

her

ˈhɜː

hə / ə

he

ˈhiː

hi / i

him

ˈhɪm

hɪm / ɪm

me

ˈmiː

mi

she

ˈʃiː

ʃi

them

ˈðem

ðəm / ðm

us

ˈʌs

əs

we

ˈwiː

wi

who

ˈhuː

hu / u

whom

ˈhuːm

huːm / hʊm

you

ˈjuː

ju

your

ˈjɔː

that

ˈðæt

ðət

there (is)

ˈðeər ˈɪz

ðərɪz

there (are)

ˈðeər ˈɑː

ðərə

Determiners

a

ˈeɪ

ə

an

ˈæn

ən

some

ˈsʌm

səm

such

ˈsʌtʃ

sətʃ

the

ˈðiː

ðə / ði

Conjunctions

and

ˈænd

ənd / ən / nd / n

but

ˈbʌt

bət

or

ˈɔː

ə

as

ˈæz

əz

that

ˈðæt

ðət

than

ˈðæn

ðən

Prepositions

at

ˈæt

ət

for

ˈfɔː

from

ˈfrɒm

frəm

of

ˈɒv

əv

per

ˈpɜː

to

ˈtuː

tu / tə

as

ˈæz

əz

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